Cesarean Scar Syndrome: Diagnostic Imaging and Histopathological Findings from Two Women who Underwent Hysterectomy

This article details diagnostic imaging and histopathological findings from two women with Cesarean scar syndrome (CSS) who underwent hysterectomy. Patient one, a 44-year-old woman, was examined with transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Characteristic histological findings included a defect of the muscle layer of her Cesarean scar. Patient two, a 39-year-old woman, experienced intermittent genital bleeding and severe anemia after undergoing a Cesarean section. The MRI examination showed a prominent Cesarean scar. Patient two underwent total abdominal hysterectomy, with histological examination of the uterus revealing a similar defect of the muscle layer annexed to the Cesarean scar tissue. TVUS examination and MRI examination were essential for diagnosis. The salient histological finding in both cases was tearing and a defect of the anterior uterine muscle layer at the border of the cervix and the endometrium.